Each May groups of pilgrims converge in Bari for the big May 6 - 9 celebration of the Translation of the Relics of St. Nicholas. The festival commemorates the arrival of Nicholas' relics from Demre, now in Turkey, to Bari, Italy in 1087.

Each group has something distinctive that identifies their members. It may be a neck scarf, sash, or similar pilgrim staves. The pilgrims also carry devotional items, including icons, banners, and crosses. As they walk distances on their journeys, they also bring practical items such as water bottles and umbrellas.

They take part in festival processions and services, often with special access. Their devotion adds depth and color to the festivities.